After three years of war, Russia fails to gain air superiority over Ukraine - British MoD

After three years of war, Russia's air force, despite its technological and numerical superiority, has failed to achieve air superiority over Ukraine. 

This was noted by the UK Ministry of Defence.

Russia has resorted to the using their tactical level aviation - such as a Su-34 fighters. Russia has also consistently used kamikaze drones, which has given it the space and time to rebuild its long-range aviation fleet and associated stockpiles of cruise and ballistic missiles. 

Instead, Ukraine has successfully used UAVs against military targets and infrastructure in Russia with increased regularity, including multiple recent strikes on Russian oil refineries. The British side recalled the strikes on Russian oil refineries and the shelling of four Russian strategic ammunition depots in September 2024. 

"The total tonnage of ammunition destroyed across the sites represents the largest loss of Russian, and North Korean supplied, ammunition during the war. Such Ukrainian successes highlight Russia's continued inability to protect strategic military sites from attack, as well as indicating the challenge confronting Russia to protect its infrastructure balanced against protecting its operations at the front line," the British Ministry of Defence said.