Benjamin Stimson, 41, of Oldham, Greater Manchester appeared before Westminster magistrates over offences under Section 5 of the Terrorism Act 2006, the BBC has reported.
He has been remanded in custody to appear at the Old Bailey on 7 October.
They are believed to be the first terrorism charges in the UK relating to the conflict.
Mr Stimson is accused of involving the intention of committing acts of terrorism and engaging in conduct in preparation for giving effect to his intention, and with the intention of committing acts of terrorism and assisting acts of terrorism.